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Spin (public relations)
In public relations, spin is a form of propaganda, achieved through providing a biased interpretation of an event or campaigning to persuade public opinion in favor or against some organization or public figure. While traditional public relations may also rely on creative presentation of the facts, "spin" often implies the use of disingenuous, deceptive, and highly manipulative tactics.〔William Safire, "(The Spinner Spun )", ''New York Times'', December 22, 1996.〕
Politicians are often accused by their opponents of claiming to be truthful and seek the truth while using spin tactics to manipulate public opinion. Large corporations with sophisticated public relations branches also engage in "spinning" information or events in their favor. Because of the frequent association between spin and press conferences (especially government press conferences), the room in which these take place is sometimes described as a spin room.〔Michael, Powell. ("Tit for Tat on a Night Where Spin Is Master," ) ''New York Times.'' February 22, 2008.〕 Public relations advisors, pollsters and media consultants who develop spin may be referred to as "spin doctors" or "spinmeisters" who manipulate the truth and create a biased interpretation of events for the person or group that hired them.
== History ==
Edward Bernays has been called the "Father of Public Relations". As Larry Tye describes in his book ''The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays and The Birth of Public Relations'', Bernays was able to help tobacco and alcohol companies use techniques to make certain behaviors more socially acceptable in the 20th-century United States. Tye claims that Bernays was proud of his work as a propagandist.〔Stauber, John and Sheldon Rampton. ( "Book Review: ''The Father of Spin: Edward L. Bernays & The Birth of PR'' by Larry Tye," ) ''PR Watch'' (Second Quarter 1999). Vol. 6, No. 2.〕
As information technology has increased dramatically since the end of the 20th century, commentators like Joe Trippi have advanced the theory that modern Internet activism spells the end for political spin. By providing immediate counterpoint to every point a "spin doctor" can come up with, this theory suggests, the omnipresence of the Internet in some societies will inevitably lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of spin.〔Branigan, Tania, "(Internet spells end for political spin, says US web guru )", ''The Guardian''. 12 June 2007.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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